Treating textiles and oils therefor



Patented June 27, 1939 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Walter Garner, Menston-in-Wharfedale, England No Drawing. Application July 16, 1937, Serial 1 Claim.

This invention relates to an improved process of oiling textile materials especially those containing animal hairs. The invention applies particularly to the treatment of worsted in which combing or other mechanical textile process is followed by scouring.

Oils of the non-drying type such as olive oil can be used for this purpose but it is desirable to produce alternative and more suitable oils,

especially oils having a high resistance to oxidation. Arachis oil is normally less suitable than olive because of its higher content of diethenoid glycerides.

The object of the present invention is to provide improved processes of treating natural nondrying oils, especially arachis oil, to make them more suitable as textile oils especially for worsted lubrication.

According to the present invention a liquid vegetable oil having an original iodine value of less than 100 is polymerised and used for oiling textiles. The invention also includes processes in which the following steps are employed:

(1) Refining the oil, for instance by washing with alkali, or bleaching with fullers earth or eodorising with superheated steam.

(2) Polymerising the oil, e. g., by heating for 2--3 hours, at 200 C. This process may be combined with slight oxidation.

(3) Removal of solid stearin (saturated fatty acid esters of glycerol) by chilling to below nor- In Great Britain January 14,

mal temperature but not below -5 C., and filtering cold.

(4) Addition of an emulsifying agent, e. g., 4% oleic acid which forms an emulsifying agent when in contact with an alkaline scouring liquor.

(5) Addition of an anti-oxidant, e. g., sulphur or a phenolic body or an aromatic amine.

Example A raw arachris oil preferably of initially low 10 iodine value is washed with alkali, bleached with fullers earth, deodorised with superheated steam, polymerised for 3 hours at 200 C.,,chilled at 4 C., and solid glycerides' filtered off: to the liquid portion of the oil 4% pale oleic acid giving a good 15 Mackey test is added (this is an emulsifying agent when in contact with an alkaline scouring liquor) and 0.25% sulphur is dissolved in the oil as an antioxidant.

The oils, as used on the textile materials (ineluding diluents if added) preferably have a viscosity between 200 and 600 redwood at room temperature.

The invention is not confined to the methods of refining polymerisation and destearinisation given, nor to the emulsifying agent and antioxidant stated.

I claim as my invention:

The process of oiling textile materials with partially destearinised polymerised arachis oil.

' WALTER GARNER. 

